constitutions

Constitution of Spain

Part of the International Constitutional Law project managed by the University of Bern, Switzerland. Provides an English translation of the 1978 Spanish Constitution, including the August 1992 amendment to Article 13(2). It also provides a quick reference list of dates relating to key dates between 1975 (death of General Franco) and 2000 and links to a small selection of Spanish Government websites.

Assembleia da República (AR)

Website of the Portuguese Assembleia Dà Republica. Provides detailed background information about the structure of the Government and the roles of different departments. Users can access the catalogue of the Parliament Library which includes Ebsco Open Access journal titles, mainly in full text. Many of the journals included are English language titles. A Legislative Procedure database allows users to search all legal texts passed by the Republic since October 1991. The main texts of the site are also available in English and French.

President of Azerbaijan

The official website of the President of Azerbaijan, providing information on Presidential duties and schedules and news of the President. It has a history of the country and the text of the constitution, in the section entitled "Azerbaijan". The structure of the administration is also listed. The site has a section headed "Documents", containing letters, decrees, orders, addresses, declarations, statements and laws, which are kept up-to-date. The site is available in Azeri, English and Russian.

FindLaw Cases and Codes

Findlaw is a US website owned by Thomson Reuters. Its Cases and Codes section provides free access to federal case law, the US Constitution and the US Code (a compilation of federal laws in force). State constitutions, state case law and some state codes are also available, together with materials such as bills and city ordinances. The case law files typically go back to the 1990s, but the US Supreme Court opinions go back to 1893.

Constitutional Law and Courts’ System in the Syrian Arab Republic

Online guide to the Constitution and governmental system of Syria written by Khalil Mechantaf who is an Attorney at Law in Beirut, Lebanon. The guide was published in 2010 (and updated in 2025 by Lara Eid Jreissati) on the Globalex website and made freely available by the Hauser Global Law School Program at the New York University School of Law. The author gives background information to the Syrian Arab Republic and its Constitution which was adopted in 1973.

Kingdom of Bahrain

This is the official website of the government of Bahrain. It provides links to all the ministries and government agencies on the web. Also accessible is recent news and basic statistics on health, the economy, budgets, elections and censuses in the region. Other features of the site include the full text of the constitution and information about the monarchy and members of the ruling royal family. The site can be viewed in Arabic and English.

Gammel's The Laws of Texas 1822-1897

Digitised version Gammel's 'The Laws of Texas', provided by the Government Documents Department of the University of North Texas Libraries. Gammel's work is a compilation of the laws of the US State of Texas from 1822 to 1897, including early colonisation laws, constitutions, congressional sessions, legislative sessions and select journals. The site has been designed to replicate a traditional page-by-page reading experience and includes a digitised version of the original Analytical Index, which is arranged alphabetically.

European Commission for Democracy through Law

The European Commission for Democracy through Law, known as the Venice Commission, is a Council of Europe body that was established in 1990. Originally set up to assist Eastern European countries in the re-engineering of their constitutions, it now monitors and provides assistance to countries all around the world and has more than 60 member states. The website outlines the Commission's activities, which include providing advice and training to individual states on constitutional matters, elections and referendums and constitutional justice.

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