Criminal Justice

Supreme Court of Lithuania

Official website for the Supreme Court of Lithuania. The site contains information about the court of cassation, its structure and competence, the judges of the Court and state servants, Court statistics and its international relations. Whilst the information sections of the website are available in Lithuanian, Russian and English, the Court rulings and other documents are currently available only in Lithuanian, therefore the relevant rubrics will offer just some basic information and a link to the case law database in the Lithuanian language.

Pre-trial, detention, bail and due process

Online guide providing access to sources of information relating to the administration of bail and due process in the United States. The guide was written by Ken Strutin, who is Director of Legal Information Services at the New York State Defenders Association, and was published in July 2011 on LLRX.com. Summaries and links to legal articles, cases, standards, reports and studies are given covering the Constitution, the Bail Reforrn Act 1984, pre-trial detention, pre-trial release and human rights issues.

Age of innocence: actual, legal and presumed

Online article providing background information and links to legal articles and symposia looking at the concept of innocence in United States law and how it is applied. The article was written by Ken Strutin, who is Director of Legal Information Services at the New York State Defenders Association, and was published in May 2011 on LLRX.com. Substantial abstracts are provided for the featured articles and most have links to the full text.

Prisons and Probation Ombudsman for England and Wales

The Prisons and Probation Ombudsman for England and Wales (PPO) responds to complaints about conditions and treatment from prisoners and people subjected to probation orders. Its website provides information on the function and current activities of the ombudsman. It includes access to recent annual reports, case digest newsletters, fatal incident reports, special investigation reports and surveys and research reports. Also provided is user information on how to file a complaint and a listing of related internet sites on the topic of prisons.

Actual innocence and freestanding claims for relief

Online guide to the claim of actual innocence in US law written by Ken Strutin, who is Director of Legal Information Services at the New York State Defenders Association. The guide was published in November 2010 on LLRX.com. The author gives an introduction explaining the term ‘actual innocence ‘and how it has been used to contest wrongful convictions. There are abstracts of scholarly articles with links to the full text. Some of the articles linked to are available on subscription sites only. Links are also given to cases and relevant legislation.

Solitary confinement

Online guide to solitary confinement written by Ken Strutin who is Director of Legal Information Services at the New York State Defenders Association. The article was published in 2010 on LLRX.com (Law Library Resource Xchange) a free online web journal for legal information professionals.

National Criminal Justice Reference Service

The National Criminal Justice Reference Service (NCJRS) was established in 1972 and is hosted by the Office of Justice Programs at the U.S. Department of Justice. The NCJRS is an international criminal justice information network supporting policymakers and criminal justice professionals. The site provides information about Office of Justice Programs' services, publications and products, including direct access to the NCJRS bulletin board and to reports, policy documents, articles, abstracts and FAQs.

World Factbook of Criminal Justice Systems

The World Factbook of Criminal Justice Systems is a collection of reports, organised alphabetically by country, containing information about the criminal justice system in operation in each country. The Bureau of Justice Statistics, US Department of Justice, has funded the factbook. Each narrative has been composed by an expert in the field. The factbook is aimed at giving scholars, researchers and criminal justice practitioners a better understanding of the various systems in operation in each country in an attempt to help them in their work, especially in the area of transnational crime.

International Association of Prosecutors

The website of the International Association of Prosecutors (IAP) is an online information resource that aims to stimulate international communication and cooperation amongst prosecutors. The Association, established in 1995, is non-governmental and non-political, and aims to lead the way in setting standards in the administration of criminal justice. The site includes information about the Association and its members. A section of the site gives the Association's latest annual report and a variety of documentation including minutes of meetings, standards and guidelines.

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